Why to visit Ljubljana | Best things to do in Ljubljana
If you are wondering why to visit Ljubljana and what are the best things to do in the Slovenian capital, this article will guide you through its most important landmarks and experiences. Ljubljana is a compact, walkable city known for its rich history, charming riverside atmosphere, and vibrant cultural life.
Ljubljana sits on the Ljubljanica River, offering a blend of historical sites, green spaces, and modern urban energy. At its centre stands Ljubljana Castle, a medieval fortress that provides panoramic views of the city. While Ljubljana is often recognized for its picturesque Old Town and café-lined riverbanks, it is a destination that offers much more, from museums and historic architecture to outdoor activities and cultural festivals.
There are plenty of things to do in Ljubljana, from exploring the narrow cobblestone streets of the Old Town, where baroque and art nouveau buildings dominate the skyline, to relaxing in Tivoli Park, the city’s largest green space. The lively Central Market is a great place to experience local food and traditions, while the famous Dragon Bridge and Triple Bridge showcase the city’s architectural charm. Ljubljana is well connected by air, road, and rail, making it easy to reach many European cities and a perfect starting point for exploring Slovenia’s lakes, mountains, and countryside.
Table of Contents
Ljubljana: Small capital with a lot of history
Ljubljana is the capital and largest city of Slovenia, located in the heart of the country. It sits at a key crossroads of Central Europe, making it easily accessible from nearby cities. Vienna is 350 km away, Munich 320 km, Venice 250 km, and Zagreb just 130 km. The city is built in a circular shape, positioned at 300 meters above sea level, with the Ljubljanica River flowing through its center.
With a population of nearly 300,000, Ljubljana is small compared to other European capitals, but its metropolitan area is home to about 540,000 people, which is more than a quarter of Slovenia’s entire population. The climate is moderate, with summer temperatures averaging around 25-30°C, while winters are cooler, averaging around 5°C.
Ancient origins & Roman period
According to legend, Ljubljana was founded by Jason, the Greek mythological hero, who traveled from the Black Sea to the Danube, Sava, and eventually to the Ljubljanica River.
During the Roman period, Ljubljana was known as Emona, initially a military camp that later became a fortified settlement. It was an important part of the Roman Empire, but by the late 4th and 5th centuries, it was repeatedly attacked and destroyed by barbarian tribes, including the Goths and Huns.
- Where to see an example of this period?
The Roman Wall, located in the city centre, is a remnant of ancient Emona. The City Museum of Ljubljana also has exhibits from the Roman period.
Medieval to 19th Century
From the 6th to 12th centuries, records on Ljubljana are scarce, but by the 12th century, the Ljubljana Castle was built, marking the city’s growing importance.
For centuries, Ljubljana was part of the Habsburg Monarchy, except for two brief periods—from 1270 to 1278 under Czech rule, and from 1809 to 1813 under Napoleon’s French administration. Under Austrian rule, the city developed culturally and economically, laying the foundation for its modern appearance.
- Where to see an example of this period?
The Ljubljana Castle, which dominates the city skyline, offers a look into the medieval period. The Old Town, with its well-preserved Austrian-style architecture, reflects this era.
World Wars & 20th Century
World War I (1914-1918)
Ljubljana was not directly affected by battles, but it was close to the Isonzo Front (Soča River), where Italian and Austro-Hungarian forces fought for over two years. More than one million soldiers lost their lives on both sides.
Interwar Period & World War II
After World War I, Ljubljana became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929).
During World War II, Ljubljana was occupied by fascist Italy in 1941 and later by Nazi Germany. The city suffered heavy civilian losses, and a barbed-wire fence was placed around it to prevent resistance movements. Ljubljana was liberated by Yugoslav Partisans on May 9, 1945, the same day Germany capitulated.
- Where to see an example of this period?
The Museum of Contemporary History provides insights into WWI, WWII, and Yugoslavia. The Path of Remembrance and Comradeship, a walking and cycling trail, follows the barbed-wire fence route used during WWII.
Yugoslav period & Independence
After World War II, Ljubljana became the capital of Slovenia, which was the most economically developed republic in socialist Yugoslavia. The city rapidly expanded, attracting workers from across Yugoslavia in search of jobs.
On June 25, 1991, Slovenia was the first Yugoslav republic to declare independence. This led to a brief 10-day war with the Yugoslav army, after which Slovenia gained full independence.
- Where to see an example of this period?
The Republic Square (Trg Republike) was the centre of key political events in Slovenia’s independence. The Museum of Modern History covers the country’s break from Yugoslavia.
Modern Ljubljana
Since joining the European Union in 2004, Slovenia has developed into the most economically advanced country of the former Yugoslavia. Ljubljana, with its pedestrian-friendly city centre, green spaces, and vibrant cultural scene, has gained recognition as one of Europe’s most livable capitals.
- Where to see an example of this period?
The Ljubljana Riverfront and pedestrian zones, transformed in the last two decades, reflect the city’s modernization. The Metelkova district, a former army barracks turned cultural hub, showcases Ljubljana’s alternative arts scene.
Ljubljana’s history is a blend of Roman, medieval, Austrian, and Yugoslav influences, creating a city that is compact yet rich in culture. Whether walking through the Old Town, exploring the castle, or visiting its many museums, Ljubljana offers a fascinating glimpse into Slovenia’s past and present.
Best historical sites to visit in Ljubljana
Ljubljana is a city with a long and diverse history, reflected in its castles, churches, medieval streets, and preserved Roman ruins. From its ancient Roman settlement of Emona to its time under the Habsburg Monarchy and later Yugoslav era, Ljubljana offers plenty of landmarks that showcase its historical evolution. Here are the most important sites to visit to experience the city’s rich past.
1. Ljubljana Castle – The city’s most iconic landmark
Perched on a hill overlooking the Ljubljanica River, Ljubljana Castle is the city’s most famous historical landmark. Built in the 12th century, the castle has served as a fortress, royal residence, and military outpost. It was rebuilt and expanded several times during Austrian rule, shaping its current appearance. Today, it houses museums, exhibitions, and a panoramic tower offering the best views of Ljubljana.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Castle grounds: Free
- Tower, exhibitions, and funicular ride: ~€12 per person
- Location: Castle Hill, Ljubljana
2. Roman ruins of Emona – Traces of ancient Ljubljana
Long before Ljubljana existed, the Romans built the settlement of Emona in the 1st century AD. It was a fortified town, home to about 5,000 people, with city walls, baths, and a forum. Though much of ancient Emona was destroyed, several ruins remain, showcasing Ljubljana’s Roman past.
Where to See This Period Today?
- Roman Wall and Park Mirje – Preserved sections of Emona’s defensive walls, located near the city center.
- City Museum of Ljubljana – Displays artifacts from the Roman period, including mosaics, sculptures, and household items.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Roman Wall & outdoor sites: Free
- City Museum of Ljubljana: ~€5
- Location: Various sites around central Ljubljana
3. Prešeren square & Triple bridge – The city’s cultural heart
Prešeren Square is the central gathering point of Ljubljana, named after France Prešeren, Slovenia’s most famous poet. It is surrounded by historic buildings, cafés, and landmarks, including the Franciscan Church with its iconic red facade.
One of the most recognizable structures in Ljubljana is the Triple Bridge, designed by Jože Plečnik, Slovenia’s most celebrated architect. The bridge connects the medieval Old Town with the modern city centre, blending historic charm with architectural innovation.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Square and bridge are free to visit
- Location: City centre, Ljubljana
4. Ljubljana Cathedral (St. Nicholas Church) –Baroque masterpiece
Built on the site of an older medieval church, the Ljubljana Cathedral is a baroque architectural gem, known for its ornate frescoes, golden altar, and impressive bronze doors. The church played a key role in the city’s religious and political history under Austrian rule.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- General entrance is free, but donations are welcome.
- Guided tours may have a small fee (~€3).
- Location: Ciril-Metodov trg, Ljubljana
5. Town Hall & Robba fountain – Symbols of 18th-century Ljubljana
The Ljubljana Town Hall (Mestna hiša), built in the 18th century, is an elegant example of Austro-Hungarian architecture. It houses historical exhibitions and hosts official events.
In front of the Town Hall stands the Robba Fountain, inspired by Rome’s Trevi Fountain, representing Ljubljana’s historical connection to its water sources.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Town Hall courtyard: Free
- Guided tours: ~€5
- Location: Mestni trg, Ljubljana
Awesome ESIM offer
To easily navigate through Ljubljana, you probably need to have a good mobile internet. If that is the case, have a look at this incredible ESIM SLOVENIA offer.
You can choose between a free plan of 100MB for 7 days or decide between various paid options ranging from 3.49$ to 42.99$. Duration is from 7 to 30 days so you can choose the most convenient plan for your adventure.
Free and paid
6. Tivoli park & Tivoli mansion – Legacy of the Habsburg era
Tivoli Park is the largest green space in Ljubljana, developed during the Habsburg rule in the 19th century. The park features statues, fountains, walking trails, and Tivoli Mansion, a former noble residence that now hosts art exhibitions.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Park access is free
- Mansion exhibitions may have entrance fees (~€3-€5)
- Location: Western edge of Ljubljana city center
7. Metelkova – From military barracks to an alternative cultural hub
Once an Austro-Hungarian military complex, Metelkova has transformed into Ljubljana’s most famous alternative arts district. After Slovenia’s independence, artists and activists occupied the space, turning it into a hub for street art, live music, and underground culture.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Free to explore (bars and clubs have their pricing).
- Location: Metelkova ulica, Ljubljana
8. Republic Square – The birthplace of Slovenian independence
Republic Square (Trg Republike) is one of Ljubljana’s most significant modern landmarks. It was the site where Slovenia declared independence from Yugoslavia on June 25, 1991. The square is surrounded by brutalist architecture, government buildings, and the National Assembly.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Public square access is free
- Location: City centre, Ljubljana
Ljubljana’s history recap
Ljubljana’s historical sites tell the story of a city that evolved from a Roman settlement to a medieval fortress town and later into the modern capital of Slovenia. From Ljubljana Castle and the Old Town to Roman ruins and sites of Slovenian independence, exploring these landmarks offers a deeper understanding of the city’s past and cultural heritage.
What to eat and drink in Ljubljana
Ljubljana’s food scene reflects Slovenia’s diverse cultural influences, combining Austro-Hungarian, Mediterranean, and Balkan traditions. The cuisine is hearty yet fresh, with an emphasis on locally sourced ingredients, seasonal vegetables, dairy products, and high-quality meats. Slovenians take great pride in their traditional dishes, many of which have been passed down for generations. Meals are often paired with local wines, craft beers, or homemade schnapps, making food an essential part of Ljubljana’s culture.
Traditional dishes to try in Ljubljana
1. Kranjska Klobasa – Slovenia’s famous sausage
Kranjska klobasa (Carniolan sausage) is one of Slovenia’s most iconic foods, made from high-quality pork, bacon, and a blend of spices. It is usually served with sauerkraut, mustard, and fresh bread. This protected Slovenian product has been enjoyed for centuries and is a must-try for meat lovers.
- Where to try it? Klobasarna, Gujžina, or local markets
2. Štruklji – Rolled dumplings with various fillings
Štruklji are rolled dough dumplings, traditionally filled with cottage cheese, walnuts, apples, or tarragon. These versatile dumplings can be sweet or savory, steamed or baked, and are one of Slovenia’s most famous traditional dishes.
- Where to try it? Moji Štruklji Slovenije or Slovenska Hiša
3. Bograč – Slovenian goulash
Bograč is Slovenia’s version of goulash, made with slow-cooked beef, pork, venison, potatoes, and paprika. It originates from the Prekmurje region but is commonly found across the country, especially in winter.
- Where to try it? Gostilna Sokol or Šestica
4. Jota – Hearty bean and sauerkraut stew
Jota is a hearty dish made with beans, potatoes, and sauerkraut, often flavoured with smoked pork. This dish originates from western Slovenia, particularly in the Primorska region, and is a staple of Slovenian home cooking.
- Where to try it? Druga Violina or Klobasarna
5. Ričet – Traditional barley stew
Ričet is a thick, slow-cooked stew made from barley, beans, root vegetables, and smoked meat. It is a classic dish in Slovenian households, often eaten in colder months.
- Where to try it? Slovenska Hiša or local traditional taverns
Sweet delicacies and desserts to try in Ljubljana
1. Potica – Slovenia’s national pastry
Potica is a rolled dough cake filled with various ingredients, the most popular being walnut, poppy seed, or tarragon. This dessert is a must-try, especially during holidays or special occasions.
- Where to try it? Lolita Café or Zvezda Patisserie
2. Prekmurska Gibanica – Layered cake from Prekmurje
This rich dessert consists of layers of cottage cheese, walnuts, poppy seeds, and apples, encased in thin pastry. Originating from the Prekmurje region, it is one of Slovenia’s most beloved traditional sweets.
- Where to try it? Gostilna Sokol or Kavarna Zvezda
3. Kremna rezina (Bled cream cake) – Slovenia’s famous custard slice
This light and fluffy dessert consists of a crispy pastry base, vanilla custard, whipped cream, and a top layer of golden puff pastry dusted with powdered sugar. It originated in Lake Bled but is widely available in Ljubljana.
- Where to try it? Kavarna Zvezda or Lolita Café
Drinks and beverages famous in Ljubljana
1. Slovenian Wine – Hidden European gem
Slovenia has three major wine regions (Primorska, Podravje, and Posavje), producing high-quality red and white wines. Some of the best local varieties include:
- Rebula (white wine, crisp and refreshing)
- Teran (robust red wine from the Karst region)
- Cviček (light, slightly sour red wine, popular in Posavje)
- Where to try it? Movia Wine Bar, Dvorni Bar, or Vinoteka Movia
2. Slovenian craft beer – Growing trend
Ljubljana has a vibrant craft beer scene, with many local breweries producing unique flavours. Popular Slovenian craft beers include:
- HumanFish Brewery
- Pelicon Brewery
- Loo-Blah-Nah Brewery
- Where to try it? Pivnica Union, Lajbah Craft Beer Bar, or Sir William’s Pub
3. Schnapps (Žganje) – Slovenia’s traditional brandy
Schnapps, or žganje, is a strong fruit brandy, often homemade. Popular varieties include slivovka (plum brandy), borovničke (blueberry schnapps), and medica (honey schnapps). Locals often drink it as a digestive after meals.
- Where to try it? Dvorni Bar or local gostilnas
4. Cockta – Slovenia’s answer to Cola
Cockta is a Slovenian soft drink that was created in 1953 as an alternative to Coca-Cola. Made from a blend of herbs, fruit, and caramel, it has a unique, slightly herbal taste.
- Where to try it? Any local café or supermarket
5. Slovenian coffee culture
Coffee is an essential part of daily life in Ljubljana. Locals enjoy strong espresso, Turkish-style coffee, or cappuccino, often served in outdoor cafés along the Ljubljanica River. The city has a relaxed café culture, where people gather for long conversations over coffee.
- Where to try it? Café Čokl, Stow Coffee, or Cafetino
Final tips for eat and dring in Ljubljana
- Try local olive oil and honey – Slovenia produces high-quality organic olive oil and forest honey, both of which are widely used in traditional dishes.
- Portions are generous – Traditional restaurants often serve large portions, so consider sharing if you’re not too hungry.
- Tipping is not mandatory, but appreciated – Rounding up the bill or leaving 5-10% is common in restaurants and cafés.
- Eat seasonally – Many dishes rely on fresh, local ingredients, so menus often change based on the season.
- Slovenian food is regionally diverse – Ljubljana’s restaurants serve dishes from different parts of Slovenia, giving visitors a taste of the whole country in one city.
Ljubljana’s culinary scene combines rich traditions with modern influences, making it a great place to experience authentic Slovenian flavors. Whether you’re enjoying a plate of štruklji, sipping local wine, or tasting the famous Bled cream cake, you’ll quickly see why food is an important part of life in Slovenia.
Day trips from Ljubljana
Slovenia may be a small country, but it offers incredible diversity in landscapes, history, and culture. Covering just over 20,000 square kilometers, Slovenia is compact enough that most destinations are within a few hours’ drive from Ljubljana. Whether you’re looking for mountains, lakes, caves, or coastal towns, there are plenty of easy day trips to explore from the capital.
1. Lake Bled – Slovenia’s most famous destination
One of the most beautiful and visited places in Slovenia, Lake Bled is only 45 minutes from Ljubljana. This glacial lake is 2 km long and 1.3 km wide, surrounded by forests and mountains. Its most iconic feature is the small island in the middle, home to the 17th-century Church of the Assumption.
Visitors can reach the island by traditional wooden boats (pletna), and the legend says that if you ring the church bell three times with a single pull, your wish will come true. Overlooking the lake from a 130-meter-high cliff is Bled Castle, the oldest castle in Slovenia, dating back to the 11th century.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Bled Castle: €17 (adults), €14 (students), €7 (children)
- Pletna boat ride to the island: ~€15 per person
- Location: 55 km northwest of Ljubljana
2. Postojna Cave & Predjama Castle – Unique underground experience
Located 54 km southwest of Ljubljana, Postojna Cave is one of Europe’s most spectacular cave systems. Over the last three million years, water has carved a network of tunnels, halls, and formations, including stalactites and stalagmites. Visitors can explore 3.7 km of the cave by train, making it one of the only underground railways in the world.
Just 9 km from Postojna Cave lies Predjama Castle, built directly into a 123-meter-high cliff. Over 800 years old, the castle features secret tunnels beneath it, once used for escaping sieges. Every August, a medieval tournament honours Erazem of Predjama, a famous 15th-century knight who once lived here.
Entrance Fees – Are There Any?
- Postojna Cave + Predjama Castle (combined ticket): €52 (includes cave, castle, vivarium, and karst exhibition)
- Location: 1 hour from Ljubljana
3. Triglav National Park & Mount Triglav – Slovenia’s highest peak
Mount Triglav (2,864 m) is Slovenia’s highest mountain and a national symbol, featured on the country’s coat of arms. The name Triglav means “Three Heads,” referring to its three peaks. Former Slovenian President Milan Kučan once said, “Every Slovenian must climb Triglav at least once in their lifetime.”
While climbing Triglav requires two days, visitors can still enjoy the mountain’s surroundings by exploring Triglav National Park, Slovenia’s only national park, known for hiking trails, waterfalls, and breathtaking views.
- Location: 90 minutes from Ljubljana
4. Soča Valley – Adventure & WWI history
The Soča River, known for its vibrant turquoise colour, runs through one of Slovenia’s most scenic regions. During World War I, the Soča Front (Isonzo Front) was the site of fierce battles between Italian and Austro-Hungarian forces, with over one million casualties.
Today, the valley is famous for adventure tourism, particularly in Bovec, the outdoor sports capital of Slovenia. Popular activities include:
- Rafting & kayaking on the Soča River
- Hiking through the Julian Alps
- Visiting WWI museums and historical sites
- Location: 2 hours from Ljubljana
5. Koper/Capodistria – Slovenia’s gateway to the Adriatic
Slovenia may not be well-known for its coastline, but it does have 47 km of Adriatic shoreline. Koper, located 110 km from Ljubljana, is the country’s largest coastal city and blends Mediterranean and Central European influences.
The town features Venetian-style architecture, a charming old town, and a scenic marina, making it a perfect stop for those looking to experience Slovenia’s seaside culture. The nearby town of Piran, just 20 minutes from Koper, is also worth visiting for its picturesque setting and medieval streets.
- Location: 1 hour 15 minutes from Ljubljana
6. Planica – The home of ski flying
Planica is famous for its ski jumping and ski flying tradition. The first ski flying hill in the world was built here in 1934, and today, jumpers regularly fly over 200 meters.
Each March, the Planica Ski Jumping World Cup draws thousands of spectators. The all-time best jump in Planica was set by Ryoyu Kobayashi in 2019, reaching 252 meters. If you’re visiting Slovenia in late March, experiencing the thrill of ski flying is a unique opportunity.
- Location: 45 minutes from Ljubljana
Tours and transfers in Slovenia with Meet Bosnia Tours
If you’re looking for convenient and reliable transportation services in Slovenia, Meet Bosnia Tours offers a wide range of transfer and tour options to help you explore the country with ease. Whether you need a direct transfer between cities or a full-day guided tour, our team is here to ensure a seamless and enjoyable travel experience. Below are some of the popular services we offer:
Direct transfers
We provide direct transfers between major destinations in Slovenia and neighbouring countries. These services are perfect for travellers who want a hassle-free way to get from one place to another. Here are some of the most popular routes:
- Ljubljana to Zagreb: A convenient transfer between Slovenia’s capital and Croatia’s capital.
- Ljubljana Airport to Hotel: A seamless transfer from the airport to your accommodation in Ljubljana.
- Ljubljana Hotel to Ljubljana Airport: A reliable service to ensure you catch your flight on time.
- Ljubljana to Bled: A direct transfer to Slovenia’s iconic Lake Bled.
- Ljubljana to Bohinj: A scenic ride to the tranquil Lake Bohinj in Triglav National Park.
- Ljubljana to Trieste: A quick transfer to the Italian coastal city of Trieste.
- Ljubljana to Vienna: A comfortable journey to Austria’s capital.
- Ljubljana to Venice: A direct transfer to the romantic city of Venice, Italy.
Guided tours in Slovenia
For those who want to explore Slovenia’s top attractions with a knowledgeable driver, Meet Bosnia Tours offers several guided tours. These tours are perfect for travellers who want to make the most of their time in Slovenia. Here are some of the popular tour options:
1. Ljubljana - Škocjan caves - Lipica - Piran - Ljubljana (9 hours)
This full-day tour takes you to some of Slovenia’s most iconic destinations:
Škocjan Caves: A UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its stunning underground canyon.
Lipica: Visit the famous Lipica Stud Farm, home to the Lipizzaner horses.
Piran: Explore this charming coastal town on the Adriatic Sea.
2. Ljubljana - Vintgar Gorge - Bled - Bohinj - Triglav National Park - Ljubljana (10 hours)
This tour is perfect for nature lovers, covering some of Slovenia’s most beautiful natural attractions:
Vintgar Gorge: A breathtaking gorge with wooden walkways and turquoise waters.
Lake Bled: Slovenia’s most famous lake, with its iconic island and castle.
Lake Bohinj: A serene glacial lake surrounded by the Julian Alps.
Triglav National Park: Explore the pristine wilderness of Slovenia’s only national park.
3. Ljubljana - Zagreb (Customizable)
This tour offers a flexible itinerary for travellers who want to explore both Ljubljana and Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. You can customize the tour based on your interests and time.
4. Ljubljana - Triglav National Park - Ljubljana (11 hours)
A full-day tour dedicated to exploring the stunning landscapes of Triglav National Park, including its alpine meadows, waterfalls, and hiking trails.
5. Ljubljana - Bled - Zagreb - Ljubljana (12 hours)
This extended tour combines the beauty of Lake Bled with a visit to Zagreb, offering a mix of natural and cultural experiences.
Why choose Meet Bosnia Tours?
Reliable Service: We offer punctual and professional transportation services.
English-Speaking Drivers: Our drivers are fluent in English, making communication easy for international travellers.
Comfortable Vehicles: Whether you need a standard car or a larger vehicle for a group, we have options to suit your needs.
Customizable Tours: Many of our tours can be tailored to your preferences, ensuring a personalized experience.
How to Book?
To book a transfer or tour with Meet Bosnia Tours, simply contact us at info@meetbosnia.com. Whether you’re travelling solo, with family, or in a group, we provide a convenient and comfortable way to explore Slovenia and beyond.
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